Advantages of NMNH
NMNH: 1. “Bonzyme” Whole-enzymatic method, environmental-friendly, no harmful solvent residues manufacturing powder. 2. Bontac is a very first manufacture in the world to produce the NMNH powder on the level of high purity, stability. 3. Exclusive “Bonpure” seven-step purification technology, high purity（up to 99%) and stability of production of NMNH powder 4. Self-owned factories and obtained a number of international certifications to ensure high quality and stable supply of products of NMNH powder 5. Provide one-stop product solution customization service
Advantages of NADH
NADH: 1. Bonzyme whole-enzymatic method, environmental-friendly, no harmful solvent residues 2. Exclusive Bonpure seven-step purification technology, purity up higher than 98 % 3. Special patented process crystal form, higher stability 4. Obtained a number of international certifications to ensure high quality 5. 8 domestic and foreign NADH patents, leading the industry 6. Provide one-stop product solution customization service
Advantages of NAD
NAD: 1. “Bonzyme” Whole-enzymatic method, environmental-friendly, no harmful solvent residues 2. Stable supplier of 1000+ enterprises around the world 3. Unique “Bonpure” seven-step purification technology, higher product content and higher conversion rate 4. Freeze drying technology to ensure stable product quality 5. Unique crystal technology, higher product solubility 6. Self-owned factories and obtained a number of international certifications to ensure high quality and stable supply of products
Advantages of MNM
NMN: 1. “Bonzyme”Whole-enzymatic method, environmental-friendly, no harmful solvent residues 2. Exclusive“Bonpure”seven-step purification technology, high purity（up to 99.9%) and stability 3. Industrial leading technology: 15 domestic and international NMN patents 4. Self-owned factories and obtained a number of international certifications to ensure high quality and stable supply of products 5. Multiple in vivo studies show that Bontac NMN is safe and effective 6. Provide one-stop product solution customization service 7. NMN raw material supplier of famous David Sinclair team of Harvard University
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Bontac Bio-Engineering (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd. (hereafter referred to as BONTAC) is a high-tech enterprise established in July 2012. BONTAC integrates R&D, production and sales, with enzyme catalysis technology as the core and coenzyme and natural products as main products. There are six major series of products in BONTAC, involving coenzymes, natural products, sugar substitutes, cosmetics, dietary supplements and medical intermediates.
As the leader of the global NMN industry, BONTAC has the first whole-enzyme catalysis technology in China. Our coenzyme products are widely used in health industry, medical & beauty, green agriculture, biomedicine and other fields. BONTAC adheres to independent innovation, with more than 170 invention patents. Different from the traditional chemical synthesis and fermentation industry, BONTAC has advantages of green low-carbon and high-value-added biosynthesis technology. What’s more, BONTAC has established the first coenzyme engineering technology research center at the provincial level in China which also is the sole in Guangdong Province.
In the future, BONTAC will focus on its advantages of green, low-carbon and high-value-added biosynthesis technology, and build ecological relationship with academia as well as upstream/downstream partners, continuously leading the synthetic biological industry and creating a better life for human beings.
BONTAC NMNH product features and advantages
1、“Bonzyme” Whole-enzymatic method, environmental-friendly, no harmful solvent residues manufacturing powder.
2、Bontac is a very first manufacture in the world to produce the NMNH powder on the level of high purity, stability.
3、Exclusive “Bonpure” seven-step purification technology, high purity（up to 99%) and stability of production of NMNH powder
4、Self-owned factories and obtained a number of international certifications to ensure high quality and stable supply of products of NMNH powder
5、Provide one-stop product solution customization service
NADH powder manufacturing method
The main methods of NMNH powder preparation include extraction, fermentation, fortification, biosynthesis and organic matter synthesis. Compared with other preparations, the whole enzyme become the mainstream method owing to the advantages of pollution free, high level of purity and stability.
NMNH is more potent than NMN
when applied to cultured cells, the NMNH is shown to be more efficient than NMN as it was able to “significantly increase NAD+ at a ten times lower concentration (5 µM) than that needed for NMN”. Moreover, NMNH shows to be more effective, as at 500 µM concentration, it achieved “an almost 10- fold increase in the NAD+ concentration, while NMN was only able to double NAD+ content in these cells, even at 1 mM concentration.”.
Interestingly, NMNH also appears to act quicker and has a longer-lasting effect compared to NMN. According to the authors, NMNH induces a “significant increase in NAD+ levels within 15 minutes”, and “NAD+ steadily increased for up to 6 hours and remained stable for 24 hours, while NMN reached its plateau after only 1 hour, most likely because the NMN recycling pathways to NAD+ had already become saturated.”.
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NMNH also proved more effective than NMN in raising NAD+ levels in a variety of tissues when administered at the same concentration, confirming the results observed in cell lines. The data presented in this study also corroborate the evidence that NAD+ boosters protect against different models of acute kidney injury, and place NMNH as a great alternative intervention to other NAD+ precursors to reduce tubular damage and accelerate recovery.
To overcome the limitations of the current repertoire of NAD+ enhancers, other molecules with a more pronounced effect on the NAD+ intracellular pool are desired. This has stimulated us to investigate the use of the reduced form of nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMNH) as an NAD+ enhancer. There is very scarce information about the role of this molecule in cells. In fact, only one enzymatic activity has been described to produce NMNH. This is the NADH diphosphatase activity of the human peroxisomal Nudix hydrolase hNUDT1232 and the murine mitochondrial Nudt13.33 It has been postulated that, in cells, NMNH would be converted to NADH via nicotinamide mononucleotide adenylyl transferases (NMNATs).34 However, both NMNH production by Nudix diphosphatases and its use by NMNATs for NADH synthesis have only been described in vitro using isolated proteins, and how NMNH participates in cellular NAD+ metabolism remains unknown.
First, inspect the factory. After some screening, NMNH companies that directly face consumers pay more attention to brand building. Therefore, for a good brand, quality is the most important thing, and the first thing to control the quality of raw materials is to inspect the factory. Bontac company actually manufacturing NMNH powder of high quality with the caterias of SGS. Secondly, the purity is tested. Purity is one of the most important parameters of NMN powder. If high purity NMNH cannot be guaranteed, the remaining substances are likely to exceed the relevant standards. As the attached certificates demonstrates that the NMNH powder produced by Bontac reach the purity of 99%. Finally, a professional test spectrum is needed to prove it. Common methods for determining the structure of an organic compound include Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (NMR) and high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). Usually through the analysis of these two spectra, the structure of the compound can be preliminarily determined.
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Metabolites of Rg3 are Expected to Increase the Anti-cancer Properties of Rg3
Introduction Rare ginsenoside Rg3, an active extract from Panax ginseng, is reported to possess a wide range of pharmacological properties including anti-angiogenesis and anti-cancer, with high lipophilicity (estimated log P4) and a low water solubility at pH7.4. Nevertheless, its permeability and bioavailability are relatively low, and production procedures are complex. Remarkably, the metabolites of Rg3 have similar and even stronger activity than Rg3, opening up new opportunities for future adjuvant cancer therapy. The association of ginsenoside Rg3 and its metabolites There are two epimers of ginsenoside Rg3, which can be subsequently deglycosylated into epimers of ginsenoside Rh2 (S-Rh2 and R-Rh2) and protopanaxadiol (S-PPD and R-PPD). The anti-cancer properties of Rg3 metabolites Angiogenesis and tumor cell proliferation are both interdependent factors in tumor progression. In terms of anti-proliferation, Rg3 metabolites, who induce S-phase arrest and necroptosis in a human triple negative breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 as well as G0/G1 arrest and apoptosis in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), are more potent than Rg3. The clinically relevant target of Rg3 metabolites are the endothelial cells. Anti-angiogenic effects are evaluated using loop formation assay. Among Rg3 metabolites, S-Rh2 is the most potent inhibitor of loop formation. VEGFR2 and AQP1 as the targets of Rh2 According to the prediction by in silico molecular docking, there is a good binding score between Rh2/PPD and the ATP-binding pocket of VEGFR2, a dominant regulator controlling both physiological and pathological angiogenesis. Through VEGF bioassay, it is discovered that S-Rh2 is a most potent anti-angiogenic candidate with allosteric modulatory action on VEGFR2 function. In addition, Rh2 and PPD have the potential of blocking AQP1 and AQP5, two members of the aquaporin family with vital roles in proliferation, migration, invasion and angiogenesis. Moreover, Rg3 is more selective for AQP1 and does not show a good binding score with AQP5. In light of this, blocking the water channel function of AQP1 may have an immediate role in inhibition of loop formation and anti-angiogenic effects of Rh2. Conclusion Metabolites of Rg3 could potentially increase the anti-cancer properties of Rg3. The application of these molecules alone or together may be potent alternatives for future adjuvant cancer therapy. Reference Nakhjavani M, Smith E, Yeo K, et al. Differential antiangiogenic and anticancer activities of the active metabolites of ginsenoside Rg3. J Ginseng Res. 2024;48(2):171-180. doi:10.1016/j.jgr.2021.05.008 BONTAC Ginsenosides BONTAC has been dedicated to the R&D, manufacture and sale of raw materials for coenzyme and natural products since 2012, with self-owned factories, over 170 global patents as well as strong R&D team. BONTAC has rich R&D experience and advanced technology in the biosynthesis of rare ginsenosides Rh2/Rg3, with pure raw materials, higher conversion rate and higher content (up to 99%). One-stop service for customized product solution is available in BONTAC. With unique Bonzyme enzymatic synthesis technology, both S-type and R-type isomers can be accurately synthesized here, with stronger activity and precise targeting action. Our products are subjected to strict third-party self-inspection, which are worth of trustworthy. Disclaimer This article is based on the reference in the academic journal. The relevant information is provided for sharing and learning purposes only, and does not represent any medical advice purposes. If there is any infringement, please contact the author for deletion. The views expressed in this article do not represent the position of BONTAC. Under no circumstances will BONTAC be held responsible or liable in any way for any claims, damages, losses, expenses, costs or liabilities whatsoever (including, without limitation, any direct or indirect damages for loss of profits, business interruption or loss of information) resulting or arising directly or indirectly from your reliance on the information and material on this website.
The Immuno-Enhancing Effect of Rh2-L on Double Emulsion Adjuvant Against Foot-and-Mouth Disease
1. Introduction At present, vaccine is the preferred option for the prevention of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD), for which the adjuvant is essential due to its strong role in boosting immune response associated with vaccine antigens. Herein, Rh2 liposomes (Rh2-L) are prepared by ethano injection methods, then loaded into a double emulsion adjuvant and emulsified into a Water-in-Oil-in-Water (W/O/W) emulsion, together with FMDV antigen, for the prevention of FMD. 2. About FMD FMD, also known as aphthous fever, is a viral and fulminating infectious disease in which the foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) violates hoofed livestock such as cattle, pigs and sheep. Since FMD is a zoonotic disease with high incidence and fast transmission speed, FMD vaccination is significant for those with long-term contact with livestock or low immunity such as the herders, veterinarians and children. 3.The significance of transform Rh2 into Rh2-L By transformation of Rh2 into Rh2-L, on the one hand, the poor solubility and hemolysis of Rh2 can be mitigated to a large extent. On the other hand, Rh2-L functions as a liposome. Noteworthily, liposome itself has been revealed to be an adjuvant in vaccine design to improve immune response by interacting with antigen-presenting cells (APCs), increasing the representation of immune stimulants to APCs, and stimulating innate immunity. 4. The immune-enhancing effect of Rh2-L on FMD vaccine Rh2-L has a immune-enhancing effect, as evidenced by an increase in humoral and cellular immune responses. In the FMDV model, the group of the FMD vaccine prepared with double emulsion adjuvants containing Rh2-L presents a more desirable protective effect relative to other groups. This group has a higher neutralizing antibody titer, stronger lymphocyte proliferation responses, and higher levels of cellular and humoral immune cytokine production, including IFN-γ and IL-4. 5. Conclusion Rh2-L can further boost the immune effect of the double emulsion adjuvant against foot-and-mouth disease, which may be a promising and powerful platform for subunit vaccine adjuvant. 6. Reference Saiya Miao, Qiufang Jing, Xuanyu Wang, et al. “Immuno-Enhancing Effect of Ginsenoside Rh2 Liposomes on Foot-and-Mouth Disease Vaccine”. Molecular Pharmaceutics. 2024 21 (1), 183-193. DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c00733 BONTAC advantages BONTAC is ·the first enterprise in China to provide mass production of ginsenosides (Rh2) by enzymatic synthesis. BONTAC has unique Bonzyme enzymatic synthesis technology. Our coenzyme products are widely used in health industry, medical & beauty, green agriculture, biomedicine and other fields. BONTAC has more than 160 invention patents, with strict third-party self-inspection. Both the high-quality product and excellent service can be better ensured here. BONTAC has 12 years of industry experience, which is worthy of your trust. Disclaimer This article is based on the reference in the academic journal. The relevant information is provide for sharing and learning purposes only, and does not represent any medical advice purposes. If there is any infringement, please contact the author for deletion. The views expressed in this article do not represent the position of BONTAC. Under no circumstances will BONTAC be held responsible or liable in any way for any claims, damages, losses, expenses, costs or liabilities whatsoever (including, without limitation, any direct or indirect damages for loss of profits, business interruption or loss of information) resulting or arising directly or indirectly from your reliance on the information and material on this website.
Tight Connection of NADP+/NADPH Balance with Cardiovascular Pathologies
Introduction Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) poses huge economic burden and great threat to the life of patients, even surpassing Alzheimer's disease and diabetes. 17.9 million people in the world die from CVD, with indirect treatment costs of $237 billion per year, which are projected to increase to $368 billion by 2035. It has been reported that the deficiency or imbalance of oxidized nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP+)/reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) redox couple has been linked to a variety of pathological conditions including CVD. NADP(H) redox couple as cofactor/electron carrier in cardiommyocytes NADPH is an essential cofactor of glutathione reductase (GR) and thioredoxin reductase (TRs) in cardiommyocytes, with a crucial role in maintaining cellular redox homeostasis and energy metabolism. GR catalyzes the recycling of Glutathion (GSH) from oxidized glutathione (GSSG), and TRs reduces oxidized Trx-S2 into Trx-(SH)2. Simultaneously, both enzymes require NADPH as an electron donor and oxidize it to NADP+. Once O2•− is formed, for example, from NOXs in the cytosol and from mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC), cytosolic CuZnSOD and mitochondrial MnSOD will reduce it to H2O2. GSH can be used by glutathione peroxidase (GPx) to reduce H2O2 further to water. Trx-(SH)2 provides reducing equivalents for Prx in the removal of H2O2. The connection of NADP(H) with cardiovascular pathologies NADP(H) plays a dual role in cardiovascular pathologies. On the one hand, the reduced NADPH can result in significant antioxidant deficiencies and intracellular accumulation of free radicals, which triggers lipid peroxidation, inflammation, and vascular dysfunction, ultimately exacerbating the course of atherosclerosisoxidase. On the other hand, high NADPH level can give rise to myocardial injury by inducing reductive stress and enhancing reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Conclusion Changes in cellular NADP(H) content affect the intermediary metabolism of cardiac function, especially in diseased myocardium. Maintaining the balance between NADP+ and NADPH in cardiommyocytes is critically important for the treatment of CVD. Either deficiency or excess NADP(H) levels can lead to imbalances in cellular redox state and metabolic homeostasis, resulting in energy stress, redox stress, and ultimately disease state. NADP(H) has an important therapeutic value in CVD. Reference Sun Y, Wu D, Hu Q. NADP+/NADPH in Metabolism and its Relation to Cardiovascular Pathologies. Curr Med Chem. Published online February 16, 2024. doi:10.2174/0109298673275187231121054541 BONTAC NADP(H) BONTAC has dedicated to the R&D, manufacture and sale of raw materials for coenzyme and natural products since 2012, with self-owned factories, over 170 global patents as well as strong R&D team consisting of Doctors and Masters. BONTAC has rich R&D experience and advanced technology in the biosynthesis of NADP(H). Bonzyme whole-enzymatic method is adopted, which is environmental-friendly, with no harmful solvent residues. The purity of NADP and NADPH can reach up to 95% and 98%, respectively, which is benefited from the exclusive Bonpure seven-step purification technology. BONTAC has self-owned factories and has obtained a number of international certifications, where high quality and stable supply of products can be ensured. BONTAC has four domestic and foreign NADPH patents, leading the industry. Disclaimer This article is based on the reference in the academic journal. The relevant information is provided for sharing and learning purposes only, and does not represent any medical advice purposes. If there is any infringement, please contact the author for deletion. The views expressed in this article do not represent the position of BONTAC. Under no circumstances will BONTAC be held responsible or liable in any way for any claims, damages, losses, expenses, costs or liabilities whatsoever (including, without limitation, any direct or indirect damages for loss of profits, business interruption or loss of information) resulting or arising directly or indirectly from your reliance on the information and material on this website.