1. Introduction Ginseng has always been highly perceived as a valuable traditional Chinese medicine in China. Currently, much attention also has been paid to ginsenosides, the main active ingredients extracted from g
1. Introduction Ginseng has always been highly perceived as a valuable traditional Chinese medicine in China. Currently, much attention also has been paid to ginsenosides, the main active ingredients extracted from g
1. Introduction On July 2023, the World Health Organization (WHO) has classified the soda sweetener aspartame as a possible carcinogen, but said that aspartame is safe to consume with
Myocardial mitochondria are primary sites of myocardial energy metabolism. Mitochondrial disorders are associated with various cardiac diseases. Mitochondrial translation defects cause not only mitochondrial
The inflammation reaction and disruption of the skin barrier caused by oxidative stress play a crucial role in the process of Atopic Dermatitis (AD). Lipid peroxidation levels are often higher in AD patients, while antio
Vitamin D and B3 (niacin) could aid immune activation and CD4+ T cell reconstitution in INRs. NAD, vital for cellular function, declines with age, linking to various diseases. NAD boosters like NMN, NR, and NAM show prom
Sepsis, marked by dysregulated infection response, lacks effective treatment. NAD+'s role in inflammation remains unclear. NAD+ transport challenges limit its therapeutic impact. Novel NAD+-loaded nanoparticles (NPs)
In clinical diagnostics, enzymes are important biocatalysts and they play a key role in many biochemical reactions. These enzymes require coenzymes, what we call Diagnostic Reagent Coenzymes, to perform their functions.
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a critical component of the central nervous system that regulates the exchange of molecules between the brain and the bloodstream. Age-related changes in the BBB can lead to increased per
Vascular dementia is one of the serious and irreversible syndromes of acquired intelligence impairment caused by a series of cerebrovascular diseases. Citicoline is the derivative of nucleo- side, which can not only exhi
