Advantages of NMNH
NMNH: 1. “Bonzyme” Whole-enzymatic method, environmental-friendly, no harmful solvent residues manufacturing powder. 2. Bontac is a very first manufacture in the world to produce the NMNH powder on the level of high purity, stability. 3. Exclusive “Bonpure” seven-step purification technology, high purity（up to 99%) and stability of production of NMNH powder 4. Self-owned factories and obtained a number of international certifications to ensure high quality and stable supply of products of NMNH powder 5. Provide one-stop product solution customization service
Advantages of NADH
NADH: 1. Bonzyme whole-enzymatic method, environmental-friendly, no harmful solvent residues 2. Exclusive Bonpure seven-step purification technology, purity up higher than 98 % 3. Special patented process crystal form, higher stability 4. Obtained a number of international certifications to ensure high quality 5. 8 domestic and foreign NADH patents, leading the industry 6. Provide one-stop product solution customization service
Advantages of NAD
NAD: 1. “Bonzyme” Whole-enzymatic method, environmental-friendly, no harmful solvent residues 2. Stable supplier of 1000+ enterprises around the world 3. Unique “Bonpure” seven-step purification technology, higher product content and higher conversion rate 4. Freeze drying technology to ensure stable product quality 5. Unique crystal technology, higher product solubility 6. Self-owned factories and obtained a number of international certifications to ensure high quality and stable supply of products
Advantages of MNM
NMN: 1. “Bonzyme”Whole-enzymatic method, environmental-friendly, no harmful solvent residues 2. Exclusive“Bonpure”seven-step purification technology, high purity（up to 99.9%) and stability 3. Industrial leading technology: 15 domestic and international NMN patents 4. Self-owned factories and obtained a number of international certifications to ensure high quality and stable supply of products 5. Multiple in vivo studies show that Bontac NMN is safe and effective 6. Provide one-stop product solution customization service 7. NMN raw material supplier of famous David Sinclair team of Harvard University
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Bontac Bio-Engineering (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd. (hereafter referred to as BONTAC) is a high-tech enterprise established in July 2012. BONTAC integrates R&D, production and sales, with enzyme catalysis technology as the core and coenzyme and natural products as main products. There are six major series of products in BONTAC, involving coenzymes, natural products, sugar substitutes, cosmetics, dietary supplements and medical intermediates.
As the leader of the global NMN industry, BONTAC has the first whole-enzyme catalysis technology in China. Our coenzyme products are widely used in health industry, medical & beauty, green agriculture, biomedicine and other fields. BONTAC adheres to independent innovation, with more than 170 invention patents. Different from the traditional chemical synthesis and fermentation industry, BONTAC has advantages of green low-carbon and high-value-added biosynthesis technology. What’s more, BONTAC has established the first coenzyme engineering technology research center at the provincial level in China which also is the sole in Guangdong Province.
In the future, BONTAC will focus on its advantages of green, low-carbon and high-value-added biosynthesis technology, and build ecological relationship with academia as well as upstream/downstream partners, continuously leading the synthetic biological industry and creating a better life for human beings.
BONTAC NADH product features and advantages
1、“Bonzyme”Whole-enzymatic method, environmental-friendly, no harmful solvent residues manufacturing powder
2、Exclusive“Bonpure” seven-step purification technology, high purity（up to 99%) and stability of production of NADH powder
3、Self-owned factories and obtained a number of international certifications to ensure high quality and stable supply of products of NMN powder
4、Provide one-stop product solution customization service
NADH powder manufacturing method
The main methods of NADH powder preparation include extraction, fermentation, fortification, biosynthesis and organic matter synthesis. Compared with other preparations, the whole enzyme become the mainstream method owing to the advantages of pollution free, high level of purity and stability.
NADH powder efficacy in health
Improved energy levels
Not only does NADH act as an important coenzyme in aerobic respiration, the [H] of NADH also carries a large amount of energy. Studies have demonstrated that extracellular use of NADH promotes increased intracellular ATP levels, suggesting that NADH penetrates cell membranes and elevates intracellular energy levels. On a macro level, exogenous supplementation of NADH helps to restore energy and enhance appetite. The increase in energy levels in the brain also helps to improve mental performance and sleep quality. NADH has been used overseas to improve chronic fatigue syndrome, increase exercise endurance, jet lag and other areas.
Cellular protection
NADH is a strong antioxidant that naturally occurs in cells and reacts with free radicals to inhibit lipid peroxidation, protecting mitochondrial membranes and mitochondrial function. It has been found that NADH can reduce oxidative stress in cells caused by various factors such as radiation, drugs, toxic substances, strenuous exercise and ischemia, thus protecting vascular endothelial cells, hepatocytes, cardiomyocytes, fibroblasts and neurons. Therefore, injectable or oral NADH is used clinically to improve cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, and as an adjunct to cancer radiotherapy. Topical NADH has been shown to be effective in the treatment of rosacea and contact dermatitis.
Promotion of neurotransmitter production
Studies have shown that NADH significantly promotes the production of the neurotransmitter dopamine, a chemical signal that is essential for short-term memory, involuntary movements, muscle tone and spontaneous physical responses. It also mediates the release of growth hormone and determines muscle movement. Without sufficient dopamine, muscles become stiff. Parkinson's disease, for example, is caused in part by a disruption of dopamine synthesis in brain cells. Preliminary clinical data suggest that NADH can help improve the symptoms of Parkinson's disease [9]. NADH also promotes the biosynthesis of norepinephrine and serotonin, showing good potential for use in the relief of depression and Alzheimer's disease.
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Frequently Asked Question
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NADH is synthesized by the body and thus is not an essential nutrient. It does require the essential nutrient nicotinamide for its synthesis, and its role in energy production is certainly an essential one. In addition to its role in the mitochondrial electron transport chain, NADH is produced in the cytosol. The mitochondrial membrane is impermeable to NADH, and this permeability barrier effectively separates the cytoplasmic from the mitochondrial NADH pools. However, cytoplasmic NADH can be used for biologic energy production. This occurs when the malate-aspartate shuttle introduces reducing equivalents from NADH in the cytosol to the electron transport chain of the mitochondria. This shuttle mainly occurs in the liver and heart.
The action of supplemental NADH is unclear. Oral NADH supplementation has been used to combat simple fatigue as well as such mysterious and energy-sapping disorders as chronic fatigue syndrome and fibromyalgia. Researchers are also studying the value of NADH supplements for improving mental function in people with Alzheimer's disease, and minimizing physical disability and relieving depression in people with Parkinson's disease. Some healthy individuals also take NADH supplements orally to improve concentration and memory capacity, as well as to increase athletic endurance. However, to date there have been no published studies to indicate that using NADH is in any way effective or safe for these purposes
First, inspect the factory. After some screening, NADH companies that directly face consumers pay more attention to brand building. Therefore, for a good brand, quality is the most important thing, and the first thing to control the quality of raw materials is to inspect the factory. Bontac company actually manufacturing NADH powder of high quality with the caterias of SGS. Secondly, the purity is tested. Purity is one of the most important parameters of NMN powder. If high purity NMN cannot be guaranteed, the remaining substances are likely to exceed the relevant standards. As the attached certificates demonstrates that the NADH powder produced by Bontac reach the purity of 99%. Finally, a professional test spectrum is needed to prove it. Common methods for determining the structure of an organic compound include Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (NMR) and high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). Usually through the analysis of these two spectra, the structure of the compound can be preliminarily determined.
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Further Discussion on the Potential Mechanism of NMN Affecting Neuromuscular Junction
1. Introduction In mammalian cells, the majority of NAD+ is produced from metabolites entering the NAD+ salvage pathway. Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT) is the rate-limiting enzyme of the salvage pathway, which can convert nicotinamide (NAM) into nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN). Neuronal NAMPT is important for pre-/post-synaptic NMJ function, and maintaining skeletal muscular function and structure. 2. The involvement of NAMPT in NAD+ salvage pathway NAMPT activity has a pivotal role in energy metabolism and homeostasis. NAMPT can condense nicotinamide (NAM) and 5-phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate (PRPP) into nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN). NMN is subsequently synthesized into NAD+ by nicotinamide mononucleotide adenylyltransferase (NMNAT), the enzyme immediately after NAMPT. 3. The effect of NMN on partially reversing the NMJ impairments in NAMPT-/- cKO mice In the presence of NMN treatment, vesicle endocytosis/exocytosis is improved and endplate morphology is restored in Thy1-NAMPT-/-conditional knockout (cKO) mice. Also, loss of NAMPT in projection neurons impairs the endocytosis and exocytosis of synaptic vesicles at NMJs, but NMN can largely prevent these impairments. Furthermore, NMN treatment restores sarcomere alignment rather than mitochondrial morphology. 4. The underlying mechanism of NMN affecting NMJs The ameliorating effects of NMN on NMJs may be realized via NAMPT-mediated NAD+ salvage pathway, and this speculation is confirmed by the ameliorated synaptic vesicle cycling, endplate morphology, and muscle fiber structure and function post 2-week administration of the NAD+ precursor, NMN. 5. Conclusion Mechanically, the effects of NMN improving NMJ function, endplate morphology and muscular structure and contractility possibly involves NAMPT-mediated NAD+ salvage pathway. NMN holds a great promise as a therapeutic agent for skeletal muscle diseases. Reference Lundt S, Zhang N, Wang X, Polo-Parada L, Ding S. The effect of NAMPT deletion in projection neurons on the function and structure of neuromuscular junction (NMJ) in mice. Sci Rep. 2020;10(1):99. Published 2020 Jan 9. doi:10.1038/s41598-019-57085-4 BONTAC NMN BONTAC is the pioneer of NMN industry and the first manufacturer to launch NMN mass production, with the first whole-enzyme catalysis technology around the world. At present, BONTAC has become the leading enterprise in niche areas of coenzyme products. Notably, BONTAC is the NMN raw material supplier of famous David Sinclair team at the Harvard University, who uses the raw materials of BONTAC in a paper titled “Impairment of an Endothelial NAD+-H2S Signaling Network Is a Reversible Cause of Vascular Aging”. Our services and products have been highly recognized by global partners. Furthermore, BONTAC has the first national and the only provincial independent coenzyme engineering technology research center in Guangdong, China. The coenzyme products of BOMNTAC are widely used in fields such as nutritional health, biomedicine, medical beauty, daily chemicals and green agriculture. Disclaimer This article is based on the reference in the academic journal. The relevant information is provide for sharing and learning purposes only, and does not represent any medical advice purposes. If there is any infringement, please contact the author for deletion. The views expressed in this article do not represent the position of BONTAC. Under no circumstances will BONTAC be held responsible or liable in any way for any claims, damages, losses, expenses, costs or liabilities whatsoever (including, without limitation, any direct or indirect damages for loss of profits, business interruption or loss of information) resulting or arising directly or indirectly from your reliance on the information and material on this website.
Potential Treatment for Glaucoma: NAD+ Precursor NR
Introduction Glaucoma is regarded as the second dominant cause of blindness across the world. With the amounting number and proportion of elderly people, it is estimated that 111.8 million people will have glaucoma by 2040. Nicotinamide riboside (NR) has been attested to protect retinal ganglion cells from the stress of elevated intraocular pressure and optic nerve crush. Glaucoma patients can protect their optic nerves by oral administration of NR at a dose of 300 mg (approximately 1.18 mM). The abovementioned protective effects of NR may be achieved by its antioxidant and antifibrotic properties. About glaucoma Glaucoma is a typical ocular disease characterized by atrophy and depression of the optic nerve head, visual field defects, and diminution of vision. The pathologically increased intraocular pressure and insufficient blood supply to the optic nerve are deemed as the primary risk factors for the development of the disease. In addition to those with family history of glaucoma, people with severe myopia/hyperopia, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, hyperglycemia and long-term use of corticosteroid medications, especially eye drops, are at high risk for glaucoma. Extraordinary role of NR in protecting HTMs against oxidative stress In glaucoma, oxidative stress can trigger TM degeneration, thereby resulting in intraocular hypertension. Herein, an oxidative damage model is established in vitro by incubation of human trabecular meshwork (HTM) cells with 200 μM H2O2 for 24 h. As expected, NR hampers H2O2-induced apoptosis in HTM cells, as evidenced by the upregulation of the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 and downregulation of apoptotic protein Bax. Conversely, NR boosts the viability of oxidative-damaged HTM cells. In addition, NR can shield HTM cells from oxidative stress by lowering ROS and superoxide anion levels. Apart from this, NR overtly improves the H2O2-induced decrease in the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) in HTM cells, hinting its antioxidant effect possibly achieved by maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis. Underlying mechanism regarding the antioxidant role of NR in HTM cells MAPK and JAK2/Stat3 pathways are related to NR-alleviated HTM cell apoptosis during oxidative stress. In the MAPK pathway, H2O2 leads to the downregulation of p-P38/P38 ratio and upregulation of p-ERK1/2 protein expression, which are offset by intervention with NR. In the JAK2/Stat3 pathway, H2O2 induces downregulation of p-JAK2 protein expression, while NR runs oppositely. Potential antifibrotic role of NR in HTM cells Considering that transforming growth factor-beta 2 (TGF-β2), a profibrotic cytokine, is also a major contributor to glaucomatous HTM dysfunction, an HTM cell model of fibrosis is constructed by induction of TGF-β2 at 10 ng/mL for 48 h. Remarkably, NR prevents TGF-β2-induced fibrosis by reducing extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition in HTM cells. Concretely, the mRNA and protein levels of fibronectin (FN) are elevated in the TGF-β2-treated HTM cells, which however are counteracted by NR. Conclusion NR can boost the viability, proliferation and MMP oxidative damage in H2O2-induced HTM cells, and hamper TGF-β2-induced fibrosis, which is linked to the MAPK and JAK2/Stat3 pathways. NR may be a potential therapeutic agent for glaucoma by inhibiting oxidative damage and fibrosis in HTM cells. Reference Zeng Y, Lin Y, Yang J, et al. The Role and Mechanism of Nicotinamide Riboside in Oxidative Damage and a Fibrosis Model of Trabecular Meshwork Cells. Transl Vis Sci Technol. 2024;13(3):24. doi:10.1167/tvst.13.3.24 BONTAC NR BONTAC is one of the few suppliers in China that can launch mass production of raw materials for NR, with self-owned factory and professional R&D team. Up till now, there are 173 BONTAC patents. BONTAC provides one-stop service for customized products. Both malate and chloride salt forms of NR are available. By dirt of unique Bonpure seven-step purification technology and Bonzyme Whole-enzymatic method, the product content and conversion rate can be maintained in a higher level. The purity of BONTAC NR can reach above 97%. Our products are subjected to strict third-party self-inspection, which are worth of trustworthy. Disclaimer This article is based on the reference in the academic journal. The relevant information is provided for sharing and learning purposes only, and does not represent any medical advice purposes. If there is any infringement, please contact the author for deletion. The views expressed in this article do not represent the position of BONTAC. Under no circumstances will BONTAC be held responsible or liable in any way for any claims, damages, losses, expenses, or costs resulting or arising directly or indirectly from your reliance on the information and material on this website.
The Possible Use of Stevioside as a Therapeutic Alternative in Amoebiasis
Introduction Amoebiasis has emerged as the third most common cause of death by parasites worldwide after malaria and schistosomiasis infections. According to the report of World Health Organization, over 40 million people are disturbed by this disease worldwide, 10% of whom may develop severe condition, with 50,000 to 100,000 reported deaths annually. Metronidazole is frequently prescribed for amoebiasis, but it has numerous side effects such as vomiting, diarrhea, nausea, headache, and a sharp metallic taste in the mouth. To this end, increasing attention is being directed towards the search for phytochemical compounds with anti-amoebic effects. One such compound, stevioside (STV), is a diterpene glycoside derived from the natural plant stevia rebaudiana. In addition to a range of health benefits, including anti-inflammatory, anti-hypertensive, anti-tumor, and anti-viral activities, it has also shown anti-amoebic properties and is expected to be a promising alternative for the treatment of amebiasis. About amoebiasis Amoebiasis, also known as amoebic dysentery, is a parasitic disease prevalent in tropical and subtropical areas, which is caused by infection of Entamoeba histolytica, an anaerobic parasitic amoebozoan existing as trophozoites (active parasites) or cysts (dormant parasites). Generally, there are two types of amoebiasis: intestinal amoebiasis and extraintestinal amoebiasis. The extraintestinal type encompasses conditions such as hepatic amoebiasis, amoebic lung abscess, amoebic brain abscess, and cutaneous amoebiasis, with amoebic liver abscess being the most prevalent. Morphological, ultrastructural and histological changes in STV-treated trophozoites Morphologically, the decrease in the basic structures related to the movement and adherence to the substrate is observed in Entamoeba histolytica trophozoites exposed to STV. Ultrastructurally, there is a loss of regularity on the cell membrane, an increase in cytoplasmic granularity, and an increase in apparent autophagic vacuoles in Entamoeba histolytica trophozoites following STV treatment. Histologically, STV-treated trophozoites provokes a bigger inflammatory response, areas of necrosis like the control, and the formation of multiple granulomas of smaller size than the control, delimited mainly by inflammatory and non-epithelioid palisade cells. Effect of stevioside on Entamoeba histolytica trophozoites STV at 10 mM to 25 mM suppresses the viability of Entamoeba histolytica trophozoites in a dose- and time-dependent way. Besides, STV decreases the adhesion capacity to fibronectin by E. histolytica trophozoites, interferes with actin fiber polymerization (decreased actin cytoskeleton structure formation) and affects the capacity of the destruction of monolayers of trophozoites (eg. a smaller amount of trophozoites and decreased lytic areas). Moreover, STV represses the virulence of Entamoeba histolytica trophozoites, as manifested by the decreased expression of cysteine protease cp1 and weak proteolytic capacity of Cp1 and Cp5. Cysteine proteases are important virulence factors secreted by the amoeba within its microenvironment, and are considered essential in the ability of this parasite to destroy human tissues and to degrade different components of the extracellular matrix, such as fibronectin, laminin, and collagen. Conclusion Based on morphological, ultrastructural, and histological observations, STV treatment leads to reduced viability, mobility, adhesion, and virulence of Entamoeba histolytica trophozoites, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic option for amoebiasis. Reference Ortega-Carballo KJ, Gil-Becerril KM, Acosta-Virgen KB, Casas-Grajales S, Muriel P, Tsutsumi V. Effect of Stevioside (Stevia rebaudiana) on Entamoeba histolytica Trophozoites. Pathogens. 2024;13(5):373. Published 2024 Apr 30. doi:10.3390/pathogens13050373 BONTAC Stevioside RD BONTAC has been dedicated to the R&D, manufacture and sale of raw materials for coenzyme and natural products since 2012, with self-owned factories, over 170 global patents as well as strong R&D team. BONTAC has rich R&D experience and advanced technology in the biosynthesis of Stevioside Reb-D. BONTAC possesses the international application and authorized patents on Stevioside Reb-D (US11312948B2 & ZL2018800019752), where the product quality (purity and stability) can be better ensured. One-stop service for customized product solution is available in BONTAC. Our products are subjected to strict third-party self-inspection, which are worth of trustworthy. Disclaimer This article is based on the reference in the academic journal. The relevant information is provided for sharing and learning purposes only, and does not represent any medical advice purposes. If there is any infringement, please contact the author for deletion. The views expressed in this article do not represent the position of BONTAC. Under no circumstances will BONTAC be held responsible or liable in any way for any claims, damages, losses, expenses, costs or liabilities whatsoever (including, without limitation, any direct or indirect damages for loss of profits, business interruption or loss of information) resulting or arising directly or indirectly from your reliance on the information and material on this website.